(1) Match structures given in Column I with functions in Column II.
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
Ans-
Column I Column II
(i) Stomata (b) (a) Absorption of water
(ii) Xylem (d) (b) Transpiration
(iii) Root hairs (a) (c) Transport of food
(iv) Phloem (c) (d) Transport of water
(e) Synthesis of carbohydrates
(2) Fill in the blanks:
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the_____.
(ii)Haemoglobin is present in ____cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of______.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called_____.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is______.
(vi) Sweat contains water and_____.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called_____.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by ______.
Ans-
(i) The blood from the heart is transported to all parts of the body by the arteries.
(ii)Haemoglobin is present in red Blood cells.
(iii) Arteries and veins are joined by a network of capillaries.
(iv) The rhythmic expansion and contraction of the heart is called heart beat.
(v) The main excretory product in human beings is urea.
(vi) Sweat contains water and salts.
(vii) Kidneys eliminate the waste materials in the liquid form called urine.
(viii) Water reaches great heights in the trees because of suction pull caused by transpiration.
(3) Choose the correct option:
(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair
(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan
(iv) covered with a polythene bag
Ans-
(a) In plants, water is transported through
(i) xylem √
(ii) phloem
(iii) stomata
(iv) root hair
(b) Water absorption through roots can be increased by keeping the plants
(i) in the shade
(ii) in dim light
(iii) under the fan √
(iv) covered with a polythene bag
(4) Why is transport of materials necessary in a plant or in an animal?
Ans-Transport of materials like nutrients, water and oxygen are necessary for animals and plants. Food or nutrients and water are important for growth of plants and animals. Oxygen is important for animals and carbon dioxide is necessary for plants. So, Transport of these materials in whole plant or animal’s body is needed for their development. At the same time excretion of waste which is also done by transportation of vessels is necessary. Vessels collect waste and transport it to those body parts which are recruited for excretion.
(5) What will happen if there are no platelets in the blood?
Ans- Platelets are helpful in blood clotting. Thus, if these will not be present in the blood than bleeding in injury can not stop. Absence of platelets will result blood loss.
(6) What are stomata? Give two functions of stomata.
Ans-Stomata are the tiny pores present on the leaves.
Functions of stomata-
(i) Stomata release oxygen and inhale carbon dioxide.
(ii)Stomata evaporate water through pores.
(7) Does transpiration serve any useful function in the plants? Explain.
Ans-Yes, transpiration serves useful function in the plants. Transpiration generates a force which pulls up water absorbed by the roots from the soil, to reach the stem and leaves.
(8) What are the components of blood?
Ans- Components of blood are-
(i) Red blood cells
(ii) White blood cells
(iii) Plasma
(iv) Platelets
(9) Why is blood needed by all the parts of a body?
Ans-Blood is needed by all the parts of a body because it transports useful materials to all body.
(i) White blood cells fight against germs that may enter our body.
(ii) Haemolgobin in blood binds with oxygen and transports it to all body.
(iii) Blood clotting after injury happened because of platelets in blood.
(iv)Blood collects carbon dioxide from the whole body and leaves it to lungs to exhale it.
(10) What makes the blood look red?
Ans- Red blood cells (RBC) which find in blood contain a red pigment called haemoglobin. The presence of haemoglobin makes blood appear red.
(11) Describe the function of the heart.
Ans– The heart is an organ which beats continuously to act as a pump for the transport of blood, which carries other substances with it.
Description and functions of heart-
(i) The heart is located in the chest cavity with its lower tip slightly tilted towards the left.
(ii) The heart has four chambers. The two upper chambers are called the atria and the two lower chambers are called ventricles. The partition between the chambers helps to avoid mixing up of blood rich in oxygen with the blood rich in carbon dioxide.
(iii) The right side of heart carries de oxygenated blood which enters into right atrium and then to right ventricle. This blood is then pumped to lungs via pulmonary artery. The left side of heart carries oxygenated blood which enters from lungs through pulmonary vein. It passes to left atrium then it passes to left ventricle. From here it pumped to aorta to deliver in whole body.
(12) Why is it necessary to excrete waste products?
Ans- When a person’s kidney fails waste products starts accumulating in the blood. These waste materials should remove from the patients to save their lives.
Thus, it is necessary to excrete waste products from the body.
(13) Draw a diagram of the human excretory system and label the various parts.
Helping Topics
Transportation in animals and plants
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